3.4 switching operation
one opening or one closing of a switch or contact
NOTE Independent of whether clicks are observed or not.
开关操作，这个概念对应的测试项目是喀呖声，开关关断的瞬间会产生脉冲尖峰，继电器的关断和接通也算是开关操作，这个概念相对比较好理解。不管是电子开关还是机械开关，接通关断的这个动作都可以算是开关操作。
3.5 minimum observation time T
the minimum time necessary when counting clicks (or where relevant counting switching
operations) to provide sufficiently firm evidence for the statistical interpretation of the number
of clicks (or switching operations) per time unit (see also 7.4.2.1)
最小观察时间：这个时间针对的测试对象也是喀呖声（click）。针对click的观察时间一般是产生40个click或者120min时间，两者中去最早发生的那个时间。
3.6 click rate N
in general the number of clicks or switching operations within one minute; this Figure is being
used to determine the click limit (see also 7.4.2.3)
喀呖声率，这个定义是个比值，即在最小观察时间内产生的click数目和最小观察时间的比值，这个比值是用来计算click的实际值，以便用来和click的限值来比较。
3.7 click limit Lq
the relevant limit L for continuous disturbance, as given in 4.1.1 for the measurement with the
quasi-peak detector, increased by a certain value determined from the click rate N (see
also 4.2.2.2)
The click limit applies to the disturbance assessed according to the upper quartile method.
click的限值。这个定义是介绍click限值的计算方法的，click的限值计算是在连续限值的基础上，加上一个由click率决定的一个常数，采用的方法是上四分位法，具体的计算方法将在后续的click计算中详细讲解。
3.8 upper quartile method
a quarter of the number of the clicks registered during the observation time T is allowed to
exceed the click limit Lq
In the case of switching operations a quarter of the number of the switching operations
registered during the observation time is allowed to produce clicks exceeding the click limit Lq
(see also 7.4.2.6).
上四分位法：简单的理解就是决定click的限值后，在最小观察时间内，假设观察到click的数目为N,则允许有不超过N/4的数目的click超过该限值。在这种情况下认为click的测试项目是合格的。如果超过了N/4,则认为该测试项目失败。
回复 24# 桃花岛主
岛主，我的帖子是不是有数量限制呢，我为什么发了13个，不能再发了哈。
3.9 toy
product designed for, or clearly intended for use in play by children under 14 years old.
Toys may incorporate motors, heating elements, electronic circuits and their combination.
The supply voltage of a toy shall not exceed 24 V a.c. (r.m.s) or ripple-free d.c. and may be
provided by a battery or by means of an adapter or a safety transformer connected to the
mains supply
NOTE Transformers, converters and chargers for toys are considered not to be part of the toy (see IEC 61558-2-7).
该条款是对玩具的定义，比较简单，不多说。
据说欧美对玩具的认证也是挺严格的。由于没有接触过玩具其他方面的认证，不是很了解，如果有朋友做的相关工作，希望能够给我扫扫盲。在此先谢了。
3.10
battery toy
toy which contains or uses one or more batteries as the only source of electrical energy
3.11
transformer toy
toy which is connected to the supply mains through a transformer for toys and using the
supply mains as the only source of electrical energy
3.12
dual supply toy
toy which can be operated simultaneously or alternatively as a battery toy and a transformer toy
有没有关于电吹风方面的，现在急用呀
stone哥
:lol
回复 44# tllok123
电吹风的CE EMI认证标准就是EN 55014-1，最新版本为EN55014-1 :2006+A1+A2. 一般的电吹风电路结构涉及到两项测试项目 CE(传导干扰)和DP(骚扰功率)。EMS的认证标准为EN 55014-2.其最新版本为EN55014-2 :1997+A1+A2.一般情况下电吹风是不要测试EMS的。如果没有电子控制电路，但是如果有负离子，需要测试EMS，负离子归为电子控制电路。
剩下的两项测试时EN61000-3-2(谐波测试，按照class A处理)和EN 61000-3-3(电压波动和闪烁，不测试Plt。附录中A.10好像有说明)。
国标是GB4343.1:2009和GB4343.2:2009. IEC的标准时 CISPR14-1和CISPR 14-2.
